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Problem installing monkey junior3/23/2023 The progress of treatment possibilities has been slow, regularly distracted by hiccups and controversial experiments. In this article, we will fill this gap.Įven though knowledge about depression has increased over the past century, according to the World Health Organization in 2021, 5% of adults suffer from depression, which means 280 million people are affected (WHO, 2021). The existing discussions on Harlow's depression research generally regard his experiments as controversial or unnecessarily cruel but fail to provide the backdrop against which Harlow operated: the state of depression research at the time and the urgency he felt to find a solution after experiencing severe depression himself. However, Harlow's previous work on learning and later work on depression, although (briefly) discussed by some of the aforementioned experts, is generally much less well-known. He had firmly placed himself on the map as the scientist who had discovered “The nature of love”. It was even told in the form of a cartoon (Ottaviani, 2007) and overall stirred the imagination of the general public. Harlow's account of this study in an article called “The nature of love” (1958) has been cited more than 4200 times in the scientific press, has become a standard item of psychology textbooks, captured the attention of experts of wide-ranging disciplines such as the history of science (Haraway, 1989, 2005 Vicedo, 2009, 2010, 2013), psychotherapy (Slater, 2004), primatology (Arcus, 2016), and scientific journalism (Blum, 2002, 2011 Tavris, 2014). This appeared to prove that babies have a need for love which is unconnected to their need for food, as attachment theorists were already claiming. Working with baby rhesus monkeys and artificial mothers created from different materials, he found that baby monkeys prefer a nonfeeding soft cloth mother providing physical comfort and warmth over a wire mother providing only milk. The American psychologist Harry Frederick Harlow (1905–1981) belongs to the most well-known psychologists of the 20th century (Haggbloom et al., 2002).
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